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Tuesday, March 26, 2013

Augustus's Principate

By the time of Julius Caesars dictatorship and subsequent blackwash at the hands of the Senate, the Roman Republic was in a realistic free-fall of corruption and struggle for power. The Roman people were tired of the excitation brought on by decades of war and needed a draw that could and would restore peace, come out, and prosperity. Nonetheless, thirteen years of civil war followed Caesars assassination and during this time Octavian, the grand-nephew and heir of Caesar, came into his sizable inheritance. He entered into a military-dictatorship (the bite Triumvirate) of Rome with supporters of his late great-uncle, was given a senate seat, and was elected consul and given(p) imperium, all before the age of twenty. Before he was 32 years old, Octavian ruled the Mediterranean world; however, he had non forgotten the fate that befell his late great-uncle and, in locate to prevent a similar demise, he would need to require a new regime.
Octavian knew that the people of Rome were hypersensitive to the head of monarchical rule and would not stand for it, but the Senate similarly understood that their oligarchic system of rule had failed and were willing to allow the need for a governing leader of the state.

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So, to achieve his destruction goal (the good of the state and not his own benefit), he courted the Senate and the people by upholding the republican traditions of Rome (to appear that he was not aspiring to monarchy), all while gradually change magnitude his power. He accepted partial dictation of the provinces of Rome by the Senate after feigning disinterest in having any ascendancy of the provinces. Shrewdly, he was able to acquire provinces that stationed the majority of the legions of Rome, while the Senates control over the other Roman provinces helped maintain the illusion of a dual republican rule. Octavian was then given the titles Augustus (meaning the exalted) and Princeps (chief or leader) by the Senate.
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